The United States and World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The United States and World War II - Essay Example Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities† (Washington). When German submarines attacked American ships during World War I (WWI), the U.S. was forced to abandon its isolationist policy in order to defend its territories. After the war, however, the US was quick to repudiate the Treaty of Versailles and declined to become a member of the League of Nations and the article from the National Bureau of Economic Research (Lozada) provided the answer. The United States was in recession before the war and, since economic activities centered on providing war needs, the economy benefited. For one, unemployment declined from 7.9% to 1.4% because most unemployed men were recruited by the military (Lozada). Meanwhile, tax income increased from 1.5% in 1915 to 18% in 1918. The US was back on its feet again and it did not need assistance from other countries. And yet, because most production in the US at the time was directed towards the provision of war supplies, when the war ended, production led to a halt. Forced to face its own distress, the country turned inward and refused to be sucked into the war again, particularly because there have been claims that the U.S. involvement in WWI was due to the â€Å"machinations of arms merchants or Wall Street bankers† (â€Å"The return of U.S. isolationism†) aiming to recover their losses. Aside from this, Germany was funding isolationist statesmen in order to ensure US neutrality in World War II (WWII). To prevent the country from engaging in another war, the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 were passed which prohibited the â€Å"sale of war material to belligerents and forbade any exports to belligerents not paid for with cash and carried in their own ships† (â€Å"The return of U.S. isolationism†). To counter the Neutrality Acts, President Frank Delano Roosevelt urged Americans to become good neighbors and to lend their arms to the British. Through this new policy, the US did not need to send in troops, but they were allowed to aid the Allied forces by lending them the arms they needed to fight against the Axis forces. Hence, it meant that the US would only be loaning previously created armaments and no soldiers would be sent out. While U.S. position was isolationist, the Democrats knew that the country would be a target of attack because it had no real allies. True enough, in just a few months after the Lend-Lease Act was passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor happened, hence, pitching the United States into another battle. Because of the long regime of isolationism policy, many soldiers were unprepared for the war. Moreover, the country did not have adequate equipments it could use to launch large scale campaigns. To address its war-time needs, the President Roosevelt created the War Production Board in 1942 ( â€Å"United States†). Because of the increase in demand for war supplies, the United States found itself earning and recovering. Unemployment has dropped. Though many were employed in the military, civilian employment rose from 46,000,000 in 1940 to 53,000,000 in 1945 ( â€Å"

Final Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Final Exam - Assignment Example Government regulatory cases are concerned with laws and public policies while government entitlement/benefits administration cases are concerned with facts such as citizens’ welfare. In the United States, the policies and procedures in government regulatory cases and government entitlement/benefits administration case should be revised. The importance of regulatory policy also needs to be reassessed. Van Puymbroeck defines independence as â€Å"a state or condition of being free from the control, dependence, subjection, or subordination of an outside agency or authority† (2000, p. 268). In the judiciary, such independence is given to ensure that justice is administered without fear or favor, as well as impartially and freely. Failure to administer justice according to established procedures and in accordance with the law leads to judges being held accountable. Judicial accountability on the other hand places constraints on judges by holding them responsible for their behavior. This is done on legal and political grounds. Here it is judged whether judges have fulfilled their responsibilities and according to set standards. If the responsibilities are not met, sanctions are imposed. In the American government, judicial accountability helps prevent usurpations of power, corruption and other abuses hence protecting the interests of the public. In the rule of law, judicial independence is a feature in its own right. The two features of judicial independence are separation of powers and independence of judges. In the separation of powers, the concern is the independence of the courts as an organization. According to Alder, â€Å"judicial independence requires the independence of individual judges from pressures that threaten not only actual impartiality but also the appearance of impartiality† (2013, p. 132). Although